气管导管套囊的应用及存在的问题

李群 陈治军

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摘要：气管插管是全身麻醉的辅助通气措施，在全身麻醉中有重要作用，它可以密闭呼吸道，固定导管位置，避免口腔分泌物和胃内容物误入气管，从而起到封闭下通气道以及减少肺部并发症等作用。套囊压力是通气的重要影响因素，当套囊压力不足时，潮气量减少，甚至引起反流误吸；当套囊压力过高时，容易造成气管黏膜损伤，从而引起一系列呼吸道并发症。本文就气管导管套囊应用及其相关问题进行综述。

关键词：套囊压力;气管插管;气管黏膜损伤;气管插管并发症;

Application and matters of endotracheal tube cuff 

LI Qun,CHEN Zhijun①.(Guilin Medical University,Guilin 541004,China)

Abstract Endotracheal intubation is a supplementary measure and plays an important role during general anesthesia. It can seal the respiratory tract, fix the position of the catheter, prevent oral secretions and gastric contents from entering the trachea by mistake, so as to close ventilation and reduce pulmonary complications. The cuff pressure is an important factor affecting ventilation. When the cuff pressure is insufficient, the tidal volume will decrease, which will affect ventilation and even cause the reflux aspiration, but if the cuff pressure is too high, the tracheal mucous membrane will be damaged easily, thus causing a series of respiratory complications. This review involves the application and related issues of endotracheal tube cuff.

Keywords: cuff pressure; endotracheal intubation; tracheal mucous membrane injury; endotracheal intubation complications